Effinger, George Alec. "Everything but Honor"
Divergences: 1860 CE, 1861 CE
What if: Robert E. Lee fought for the Union and the Civil War was over before Lincoln could issue an Emancipation Proclamation.
Summary: Thinking things would be better, a black physicist working in 1938 Imperial Germany goes back in time to make Lee follow a different path.
Published: In What Might Have Been? Volume 1: Alternate Empires (eds. Gregory Benford and Martin H. Greenberg), q.v.
Original in: English.
Translation: Portuguese by Ícaro S. França as "Tudos Menos a Honra", in Isaac Asimov Magazine de Ficção Científica #6 (September 1990).